Pharmacological Potential and Effect of Bitter Kola Aqueous Seed Extract Compared with the Standard Drug in Trypanosomiasis Disease Induced Animal

Abstract

The use of plant extract is fast becoming the choice method for the treatment of this disease. This study investigated the pharmacological potential of Garcinia kola aqueous seed extract compared with the diminazene aceturate drug in trypanosomiasis induced Wister rat. The extract was obtained through Maceration method with distilled water. In vitro and In vivo activity of the extract and Diminazene aceturate drug was determined using various standard methods. Biochemical analysis of the kidney function was determined by colorimetric method and histological analysis was carried out using standard tissue processing and stained with haematoxilin and Eosin stains. Data were analyzed statistically using anova Turkeys post hoc SPSS version 2.0 software and at 0.01 significant difference. Result revealed various pharmacological potentials of the seed and biochemical effects on the kidney functions were also observed in all the extract treated and control groups. The Garcinia kola seed extract exhibited trypanosostatic at dose of <400 mg and trypanocidal activity at doses > 400 mg in both in- vitro and in -vivo, compared with trypanocidal activity of standard drug dose of 3.5 mg/kg.bw. Garcinia kola seed extract proved to be highly toxic to the kidney at high doses >200 mg /kg.bw due to various pathological lesions observed on the kidney histology of the extract treated groups when compared with standard drug.