Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Anti-Nutrient Profiling of Parkia biglobosa Fruit Pulp: Potential as a Micronutrient and Antioxidant Source

Abstract

Qualitative determination of the phytochemical, mineral, and antinutrient composition of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp, an underutilized fruit, was carried out. The results established that this fruit pulp is a nutrient-rich food with significant potential for improving dietary diversity and addressing nutritional deficiencies. It contains essential minerals such as potassium (28.61 mg/100g), iron (1.11 mg/100g), zinc (0.59 mg/100g), and copper (0.19 mg/100g), along with vitamin C (503 mg/100g), which supports physiological functions and helps prevent oxidative stress. The moderate presence of phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, contributes to its health benefits and potential therapeutic properties. Despite containing antinutrients such as oxalate, phytate, and trypsin inhibitors, their levels remain within safe limits, posing minimal risk to mineral bioavailability. Given its rich composition, Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp can be integrated into diets in various ways, such as incorporating it into porridges, smoothies, baked goods, or traditional dishes to enhance micronutrient intake. Its natural sweetness makes it a suitable alternative to refined sugars in food formulations, offering a healthier option for sweetening beverages and snacks. Additionally, its antioxidant properties support immune health, making it a valuable dietary supplement, particularly in regions where malnutrition is prevalent. In summary, the fruit pulp presents a natural, sustainable means of improving nutritional intake and overall well-being while mitigating the risks of micronutrient deficiencies.